Superwoman: social norm or pathology of the modern woman?

Abstract

Endorsement of the superwoman construct, which in modern society is viewed as a social norm, has negative psychological as well as damaging physiological consequences. In the present study, after reviewing previous research findings with established psychological theories, we examined the factors that influence the development of the superwoman construct and assessed the consequences of adherence to the superwoman schema. We took the view that endorsing the superwoman construct is indicative of an individual’s search for individualization, in which she rejects identification with her mother. In this context, the strategy of individualization is not consistent with any actual wishes and needs, leading to experiences of dissatisfaction with both damaging physiological and negative psychological effects. The image of superwoman, which an individual endorses, is promoted by mainstream society, therefore recognizing its influence on the individual is much more difficult. In conclusion we discuss a new possible definition of the superwoman construct, from which we propose that the superwoman construct is an example of individual pathology, which is seen as normative by society but for which it is reasonable and necessary to find suitable professional help.