Common factors in couple and family therapy

Abstract

The common factors theory is based on the findings of studies claiming that characteristics common to all psychotherapeutic approaches account for most of the effectiveness of psychotherapy, which also applies to couple and family therapy (CFT). After describing the reasons for the relative neglect of common factors theory in the historical development of CFT, we present broad and narrow conceptualisations of common factors in CFT, and describe common factors that are unique to CFT compared with individual therapy. Citing the main criticisms of common factors theory in the field of CFT, we identify those elements of the criticism that are unfounded. We strive to overcome the polarisation between the advocates of specific and common factors, since the contextual model that was created on the basis of the common factors theory also includes specific factors. After describing the importance of common factors theory for education in psychotherapy in general as well as in CFT, we conclude with key guidelines for CF therapists based on common factors theory.